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Publications

14-3-3η Protein: Extracellular 14-3-3η Perpetuates Disease

Extracellular 14-3-3η protein is a potent ligand and activator of intracellular signalling pathways that lead to the up-regulation of inflammation and joint damage factors involved in RA pathogenesis. The 14-3-3η blood test is clinically available as a diagnostic test whereby a positive result indicates a 5 to 50 times greater likelihood of having RA and informs joint damage prognosis and disease monitoring. 14-3-3η is used alone, or in combination with other serological tests and clinical assessment to support RA patient management.

Early RA, Arthralgia and Diagnosis

Pratesi P and Migliorini P. Something Old, Something New: Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Journal of Rheumatology 2014; 41; 2091-2093.
Maksymowych WP and Marotta A. 14-3-3η: A Novel Biomarker Platform for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clinical Experimental Rheumatology 2014; 32 (S Suppl. 85): S35-S39.
Marotta et al. Serum 14-3-3η is an RA Specific Diagnostic Marker that Predicts RA Development in Arthralgia Patients. J Rheumatol 2014; 41; 1509- 1510.
Maksymowych WP et al. Serum 14-3-3η: A Rheumatoid Arthritis Biomarker. Arthritis Rheum 2011;63 Suppl 10 :358.
Carrier et al. Elevated 14-3-3ƞ Serum Protein Levels Increase RA Confirmation in Recent-Onset Polyarthritis Patients. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:7; 1267.
Marotta et al. Serum 14-3-3η is an RA Specific Mechanistic Marker. Inflamm. Res. (2015) 64 (Suppl 2): S114.
Hitchon et al. Serum 14-3-3eta Are Elevated in Indigenous North Americans with Rheumatoid Arthritis and May Predict Imminent Synovitis in Their in at-Risk First Degree Relatives. Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 67 Suppl 10: 3108.
Naides S and Marotta A. 14-3-3η in “Seronegative” Rheumatoid Arthritis. J. Rheum. 10/2015; 42(10):1995-1995.
Carrier N et al. Serum levels of 14-3-3ƞ protein supplement C-reactive protein and rheumatoid arthritis-associated antibodies to predict clinical and radiographic outcomes in a prospective cohort of patients with recent-onset inflammatory polyarthritis. Arthritis and Research Therapy 2016 18:37.
van Beers-Tas MH et al. A prospective cohort study of 14-3-3η in ACPA and/or RF-positive patients with arthralgia. Arthritis Research and Therapy. 2016. 18:76.

Joint Damage Risk

Maksymowych et al. 14-3-3η is a Novel Mediator Associated with the Pathogenesis of RA and Joint Damage. Arthritis Research and Therapy 2014, 16.2:R99.
Boire et al. 14-3-3η Induces Key Factors Associated with RA Pathogenesis and its Serum Expression in Early RA Predicts Higher Joint Damage. Journal of Rheumatology 2014; 41; 1433.
Boire et al. 14-3-3η Predicts Radiographic Progression in Recent-Onset Polyarthritis Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:603-604.
van Schaardenburg et al. 14-3-3η: A Mechanistic Biomarker That Supports the Concept of “Uncoupling” of Inflammation and Joint Damage. Arthritis Rheum. 2014; 66 Suppl 11: 405.
Britsemmer et al. 14-3-3η Marks Radiographic Progression in an Early Arthritis Cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:A387-A388.
van der Heijde D et al. 14-3-3η is an Independent Predictor of Joint Damage that Complements CRP and anti-CCP. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;71:653.
van Schaardenburg et al. Serum 14-3-3η Marks RA Development in Arthralgia and Radiographic Progression in Early RA Patients. Arthritis Rheum 2013;65 Suppl 10:L13.
Carrier et al. 14-3-3ƞ Levels Predict Radiographic Progression in Recent-Onset Polyarthritis Patients. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:7; 1295.
van Schaardenburg et al. 14-3-3ƞ: A Mechanistic Biomarker That Supports the Concept of “Uncoupling” of Inflammation and Joint Damage. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:7; 1272.
Marotta et al. CRP and 14-3-3h are each Associated with Joint Damage Progression, their Titres do not Correlate and are Better Predictors of Progression Together than Alone. Inflamm. Res. (2015) 64 (Suppl 2): S235-S236.
Boire et al. CRP and 14-3-3η Are Each Associated with Joint Damage Progression, Their Titres Do Not Correlate and Are Better Predictors of Progression Together Than Alone. Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 67 Suppl 10: 2587.
Boire et al. In Early Undifferentiated Polyarthritis, 14-3-3η Seroreversion or Sustained Negativity Is Associated with Better Radiographic Outcomes, Even in DAS-28 Remitters. Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 67 Suppl 10: 509.
Hirata S et al. Serum 14-3-3ƞ level is associated with severity and clinical outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis, and its pretreatment level is predictive of DAS28 remission with tocilizumab. Arthritis and Research Therapy 2015 17:280.

14-3-3η Levels and Disease Monitoring

Maksymowych et al. In RA, 14-3-3η Positive Serum is Associated with More Severe Disease and its Levels Inform Response to Anti-TNF Therapy. J Rheumatol 2014; 41; 1509.
van Schaardenburg et al. 14-3-3η is an Independent Predictor of Radiographic Changes in Early RA and Higher Titres Inform a Higher Likelihood of Joint Damage Progression. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:266.
Sagawa et al. Evaluation of Serum 14-3-3η Levels in a Japanese RA Cohort Treated with Tocilizumab. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:260.
van Schaardenburg et al. Lower Levels of 14-3-3η Predict DMARD Associated DAS Remission at 1 Year Follow Up. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:381.
van Schaardenburg et al. Serum 14-3-3η Predicts the Risk of RA Development and its Higher Titres are Associated with Higher Risk. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:602.
Maksymowych et al. Levels of 14-3-3η Predict Good EULAR Response to Anti-TNF Treatment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:615-616.
van Schaardenburg et al. Change in 14-3-3η Expression in Early RA Patients Treated with DMARDs Corresponds with Change in DAS28 and Good EULAR Responses. Arthritis Rheum. 2014; 66 Suppl 11: 1903.
Hirata et al. 14-3-3ƞ Informs Joint Pathological Mechanisms of Treatment Response to Assist with T2T Strategies. ACR 2014. Accepted Late Breaking Poster (LB18).
Britsemmer et al. 14-3-3η is a an Early RA Biomarker that is Modifiable with Standard DMARDs and Corresponds with Improvement in Clinical Variables. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:A388.
Maksymowych et al. 14-3-3η Sero-Positivity Marks More Severe Disease and Titres Inform Response to Therapy, also in Patients with Lower CRP. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:A592.
Hanami et al. Serum 14-3-3eta is a Modifiable, Mechanistic Biomarker that Predicts Tocilizumab Response. Ann Rheum Dis2015;74(Suppl2): 262.
Hirata et al. 14-3-3η Positive Status and Higher Titres Are Associated with More Severe RA. Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 67 Suppl 10: 2605.
Sagawa et al. Clinical Usefulness of Periodic Detection of Serum 14-3-3eta for Predicting Efficacy of Tocilizumab in RA Program Book. Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 67 Suppl 10: 2619.